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	<title>Comments on: The Case for Used Games</title>
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	<description>Soren Johnson's Game Design Journal</description>
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		<title>By: Why Metacritic.com Matters to Video Games &#124; Game Industry News, Interviews and Videos &#124; Game Theory</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=2#comment-52748</link>
		<dc:creator>Why Metacritic.com Matters to Video Games &#124; Game Industry News, Interviews and Videos &#124; Game Theory</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 07 Jul 2010 22:29:26 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-52748</guid>
		<description>[...] Adam Sessler’s bit at GDC’s journalist rant session. At the risk of beginning to sound like a reactionary contrarian, I feel a case needs to be made for Metacritic. Unlike my argument for used games (or, rather, for [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Adam Sessler’s bit at GDC’s journalist rant session. At the risk of beginning to sound like a reactionary contrarian, I feel a case needs to be made for Metacritic. Unlike my argument for used games (or, rather, for [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Christoph</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=2#comment-51654</link>
		<dc:creator>Christoph</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 21 Jun 2010 05:34:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-51654</guid>
		<description>The sad thing is that these days, publishing companies are partnering with online services such as Steam and Windows Live to put a further obstruction between the purchaser of a used game. Just today I bought a used version of Warhammer 40,000 Dawn of War II from an *independent* multimedia reseller, only to find out that I can&#039;t play the damn thing because the CD Key is already attached to somebody else&#039;s account. To make matters worse, this game uses BOTH of the above services in the setup process, and Steam says that the CD key is for Windows Live, while Live doesn&#039;t turn up anything when you search for either the game title or the more general term &quot;register your game.&quot; It&#039;s infuriating and something that is alienating this avid gamer from the entire industry. It&#039;s getting to the point where I would almost trust a pirate more.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The sad thing is that these days, publishing companies are partnering with online services such as Steam and Windows Live to put a further obstruction between the purchaser of a used game. Just today I bought a used version of Warhammer 40,000 Dawn of War II from an *independent* multimedia reseller, only to find out that I can&#8217;t play the damn thing because the CD Key is already attached to somebody else&#8217;s account. To make matters worse, this game uses BOTH of the above services in the setup process, and Steam says that the CD key is for Windows Live, while Live doesn&#8217;t turn up anything when you search for either the game title or the more general term &#8220;register your game.&#8221; It&#8217;s infuriating and something that is alienating this avid gamer from the entire industry. It&#8217;s getting to the point where I would almost trust a pirate more.</p>
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		<title>By: DESIGNER NOTES &#187; Blog Archive &#187; The Case for Metacritic</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-19954</link>
		<dc:creator>DESIGNER NOTES &#187; Blog Archive &#187; The Case for Metacritic</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 03 Apr 2009 17:21:39 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-19954</guid>
		<description>[...] Adam Sessler’s bit at GDC’s journalist rant session. At the risk of beginning to sound like a reactionary contrarian, I feel a case needs to be made for Metacritic. Unlike my argument for used games (or, rather, for [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Adam Sessler’s bit at GDC’s journalist rant session. At the risk of beginning to sound like a reactionary contrarian, I feel a case needs to be made for Metacritic. Unlike my argument for used games (or, rather, for [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Emmanuel M</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-19380</link>
		<dc:creator>Emmanuel M</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 27 Feb 2009 15:19:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-19380</guid>
		<description>The idea that used games hurts developpers is both morally questionnable, OUTRIGHT stupid, and partly suicidal

=&gt; It is morally questionnable as the buyer is the owner of a game. Same as a car, if I buy it it&#039;s mine. I am not allowed to replicate it (legislation may vary), but I am certainly entitled to sell it.

=&gt; It is outright stupid as Gamestop actually helps developpers. They increase the gaming market and allow developpers to get more money from market segmentation. Take a new hot game. Let&#039;s assume a market model with fans and budget gamers. Without Gamestop, you could sell it either 60$ or 40$. 40$ will get you more sales (fans and budget gamers), and maybe less cash. 60$ will loose you sales to budget gamers, but you&#039;ll get cash from fans.

Gamestop helps you selling your game :
60$ to fans (most of who won&#039;t resell it)
60$ to 50% of budget gamers (who will sell it at gamestop for 20$, effectively paying it 40$)
0$ to budget gamers who will buy it 40$ from Gamestop, but only if it available from other budget gamers who purchased it full price.
Basically Gamestop allowed you to sell your game 60$ to fans and 60$ to half budget gamers. Gamestop increases the value of your game, buy making it a marketable commodity.

My model only relied on the hypothesis (easily confirmed in practice) that :
* many fans won&#039;t resell the game at gamestop, especially as they won&#039;t bother ot will want to keep the game so long that it will have lost market value
* many fans won&#039;t buy it from gamestop, as other venues exist and people like to pleasure of a &quot;new&quot; thing
* some budget gamers will buy the game 60$ as they rely on its 20$ resell value

Gamestops&#039;s margin (20$), the time needed to complete a game is large enough so that the transaction costs prevent a game from being used by an average of 10 users

=&gt; I think this idea is dangerous to developpers as :
* fighting Gamestop will loose you sales (Gamestop creates sales)
* DRM hurts user. They hurt HARD. I got an hard drive burned by them, I hate the hassle of having my single player games temporarily blocked from me if my internet connection goes funny (f... you Steam).
Though I have the money and respect to buy games, too many DRM&#039;s mean I&#039;ll get them from bittorrent, which happens to offer DRM free versions.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The idea that used games hurts developpers is both morally questionnable, OUTRIGHT stupid, and partly suicidal</p>
<p>=&gt; It is morally questionnable as the buyer is the owner of a game. Same as a car, if I buy it it&#8217;s mine. I am not allowed to replicate it (legislation may vary), but I am certainly entitled to sell it.</p>
<p>=&gt; It is outright stupid as Gamestop actually helps developpers. They increase the gaming market and allow developpers to get more money from market segmentation. Take a new hot game. Let&#8217;s assume a market model with fans and budget gamers. Without Gamestop, you could sell it either 60$ or 40$. 40$ will get you more sales (fans and budget gamers), and maybe less cash. 60$ will loose you sales to budget gamers, but you&#8217;ll get cash from fans.</p>
<p>Gamestop helps you selling your game :<br />
60$ to fans (most of who won&#8217;t resell it)<br />
60$ to 50% of budget gamers (who will sell it at gamestop for 20$, effectively paying it 40$)<br />
0$ to budget gamers who will buy it 40$ from Gamestop, but only if it available from other budget gamers who purchased it full price.<br />
Basically Gamestop allowed you to sell your game 60$ to fans and 60$ to half budget gamers. Gamestop increases the value of your game, buy making it a marketable commodity.</p>
<p>My model only relied on the hypothesis (easily confirmed in practice) that :<br />
* many fans won&#8217;t resell the game at gamestop, especially as they won&#8217;t bother ot will want to keep the game so long that it will have lost market value<br />
* many fans won&#8217;t buy it from gamestop, as other venues exist and people like to pleasure of a &#8220;new&#8221; thing<br />
* some budget gamers will buy the game 60$ as they rely on its 20$ resell value</p>
<p>Gamestops&#8217;s margin (20$), the time needed to complete a game is large enough so that the transaction costs prevent a game from being used by an average of 10 users</p>
<p>=&gt; I think this idea is dangerous to developpers as :<br />
* fighting Gamestop will loose you sales (Gamestop creates sales)<br />
* DRM hurts user. They hurt HARD. I got an hard drive burned by them, I hate the hassle of having my single player games temporarily blocked from me if my internet connection goes funny (f&#8230; you Steam).<br />
Though I have the money and respect to buy games, too many DRM&#8217;s mean I&#8217;ll get them from bittorrent, which happens to offer DRM free versions.</p>
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		<title>By: Are Used Games to Blame? &#124; GamerWok</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-19368</link>
		<dc:creator>Are Used Games to Blame? &#124; GamerWok</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 26 Feb 2009 16:47:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-19368</guid>
		<description>[...] games market?  Soren Johnson, project lead and designer for Civilization 4, said in a post on his personal blog that Gamestop is part of the games industry and that the used games market helps to segment the [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] games market?  Soren Johnson, project lead and designer for Civilization 4, said in a post on his personal blog that Gamestop is part of the games industry and that the used games market helps to segment the [...]</p>
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		<title>By: Simfoony &#187; Blog Archive &#187; El Flower si que mola</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-19351</link>
		<dc:creator>Simfoony &#187; Blog Archive &#187; El Flower si que mola</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 25 Feb 2009 21:02:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-19351</guid>
		<description>[...] un juego de distribución digital, que no tienes físicamente y no puedes revender* y, ciertamente, es un buen argumento del que se podría hablar más extensamente. Eso si, luego van y desembolsan gustosos casi 70€ [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] un juego de distribución digital, que no tienes físicamente y no puedes revender* y, ciertamente, es un buen argumento del que se podría hablar más extensamente. Eso si, luego van y desembolsan gustosos casi 70€ [...]</p>
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		<title>By: RFHolloway</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-15719</link>
		<dc:creator>RFHolloway</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Dec 2008 15:56:14 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-15719</guid>
		<description>The key difference is actually not between the formats physical verses digital download, but actually relates more to the time since release 

a) close to day of release where the early adopters/hard core fans want a copy now

b) later when it is more of an impulse buy as the price has dropped.

even publishers make use of option b by rereleasing games as budget titles.  The industry complaint seems to be that the price is dropping too soon.  If that is the case then the product obviously wasn&#039;t worth the price it was being sold at, and will be finding its way to the bargain bin soon.

the second hand shops actually do the market a service, by 

a) encouraging people to make the initial purchase knowing that there will be some form of secondary market

b) enabling the publishers to avoid producing short runs of old titles (thereby reducing costs), while still keeping their games in the shops.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The key difference is actually not between the formats physical verses digital download, but actually relates more to the time since release </p>
<p>a) close to day of release where the early adopters/hard core fans want a copy now</p>
<p>b) later when it is more of an impulse buy as the price has dropped.</p>
<p>even publishers make use of option b by rereleasing games as budget titles.  The industry complaint seems to be that the price is dropping too soon.  If that is the case then the product obviously wasn&#8217;t worth the price it was being sold at, and will be finding its way to the bargain bin soon.</p>
<p>the second hand shops actually do the market a service, by </p>
<p>a) encouraging people to make the initial purchase knowing that there will be some form of secondary market</p>
<p>b) enabling the publishers to avoid producing short runs of old titles (thereby reducing costs), while still keeping their games in the shops.</p>
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		<title>By: Unfettered Blather &#187; Blog Archive &#187; A follow-up to yesterday&#8217;s post about used games</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-15350</link>
		<dc:creator>Unfettered Blather &#187; Blog Archive &#187; A follow-up to yesterday&#8217;s post about used games</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 09 Dec 2008 12:06:11 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-15350</guid>
		<description>[...] Also, Soren Johnson who is actually a game designer had many of the same thoughts I did - A Case for Used Games [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Also, Soren Johnson who is actually a game designer had many of the same thoughts I did &#8211; A Case for Used Games [...]</p>
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		<title>By: I Forgot &#124; Free Running</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-15270</link>
		<dc:creator>I Forgot &#124; Free Running</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 08 Dec 2008 03:50:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-15270</guid>
		<description>[...] This link came in from everywhere: Soren Johnson on used games. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] This link came in from everywhere: Soren Johnson on used games. [...]</p>
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		<title>By: The Sunday Papers &#124; Rock, Paper, Shotgun</title>
		<link>http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111&#038;cpage=1#comment-14970</link>
		<dc:creator>The Sunday Papers &#124; Rock, Paper, Shotgun</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 30 Nov 2008 15:58:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.designer-notes.com/?p=111#comment-14970</guid>
		<description>[...] Johnson writes defending the much-maligned second-hand retail market. Not a major PC issue, of course - most shops don&#8217;t actually stock PC games for second hand. [...]</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>[...] Johnson writes defending the much-maligned second-hand retail market. Not a major PC issue, of course &#8211; most shops don&#8217;t actually stock PC games for second hand. [...]</p>
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